A new generation I-beam
Do-it-yourself rafter systems are assembled from wooden I-beams of floor slabs and lintels are constructed between floors. This modern material is produced according to international standards with the use of advanced technology, which allows to obtain an excellent construction product of a new generation. This is an excellent solution for the private construction of all types of structures, from a frame house or a block building to a wooden log tower.
Scope of use
The I-beam is found not only in private construction, but is also an integral attribute on construction sites where industrial premises, shopping centers, office buildings, etc. are mounted. In low-rise buildings, this wooden element acts as a supporting structure in the roof system, in attics, attics of wall and roof frames.
With this solution, you can abandon the overlap of boards, metal profiles and reinforced concrete slabs. Such beams consist of combined materials: the belts are made of solid wood, and the cross member is made of chipboard. These wooden floors more than three times increase the rigidity of the walls, so that the frame structure acquires strength, without significantly increasing weight.
Technical specifications
Modern flooring material is produced commercially on the latest factory line. For its manufacture, glued wooden beams carefully dried in the chamber and a chipboard (OSB, OSP) are used. By configuration, the beam is very similar to a rail and has such features:
- the plywood from which the side posts are assembled is resistant to moisture, its thickness can vary in the range of 24 - 27 mm. The beam also includes a shelf made of wood, treated with an antiseptic;
- the plywood rack is integrated into the shelves using technological grooves;
- the parts are interconnected by a water-resistant adhesive;
- the beam is coated with water-repellent paint on the outside.
The most requested floor sizes:
- beam dimensions - 200x80 mm;
- the thickness of the plywood lintel is 27 mm.
Positive characteristics
The successful combination of “wood - particle board - wood” lacks the disadvantages found in natural wood. The I-beam section serves as a kind of amplifier, due to which the strength of the lintel increases many times, and the product, by its technical characteristics, can safely become on a par with concrete and reinforced concrete floors.
The structural features present here bring the I-beam frame element to a leading position among structures of a similar purpose that are used in low-rise construction.
Main advantages
The indisputable advantage of the lintel is its extreme strength and rigidity, which endow wooden floors with resistance to intense loads. If the installation technology is followed, a self-installed support will not cause the floor to creak. It does not bend, which can not boast the usual wood lumber.
Support structures of this type are created according to all industry standards and meet the requirements for goods in this segment. At the production stage, products undergo quality control, as evidenced by certificates.
Despite all the operational power, the jumper weighs quite a bit, which means that its installation will be simple and convenient, and can be done with your own hands, and besides, there is no need for heavy equipment, and this is an undeniable plus. The entire construction process is carried out by a team of craftsmen who install the roofing element with their own hands, as mentioned earlier. The weight of one element, 6.5 m long, does not exceed 40 kg, due to which no additional critical load is created on the base of the house.
The workmanship here is so high that there is no question of deformation, and the whole point is in the unique configuration of the support. This building material is not subject to drying out, unlike a wooden beam, and corrosion should not be mentioned here for obvious reasons - everything is different with iron ceilings and they significantly lose the I-beam in this part of the question.
The I-beam is not subject to a shrinkage process, does not swell and does not twist due to climatic changes, as is the case with a wooden beam. The low thermal conductivity of the beam reduces the cold bridge, and the room does not lose precious heat.
At the factory, according to technology, wooden floors of this sample must be treated with antiseptics and fire fighting compounds.
Thanks to the special thought-out design of the I-beam, you can lay trunk communications with your own hands without compromising its load-bearing abilities, and saving living space on the face.
We calculate the height of the section of the I-beam
Most often, to calculate the height of the support, they resort to the help of an online calculator, which automatically calculates all the necessary parameters. In order to choose the right type of roofing element, you need to specify some data, namely:
- scope of use;
- step between the elements of the roof;
- required length;
Then, the calculated load is calculated according to the frame element:
- Rafter system - 220 kg / sq.m.
- An I-beam of overlapping - 400 kg / sq.m.
The price of the product varies from the dimensions of the beam and the material from which the shelf is created (natural wood, LVL beam).
Installation process
Most often, the most acceptable way to install wooden I-beams is to fix onto special brackets, with a special symmetrical design. On opposite sides, the product is equipped with a fastening device and a plate fixed in front of a similar fastener.
Given the dimensions, and to be absolutely precise, the height of the combined beam of wood and chipboard, the structural element can be equipped with fasteners of different lengths.
Safety rules
Carrying out installation work on the installation of I-beams, initially they need to be fixed with the help of temporary elements, which are then changed to permanent stationary clamps. For safety reasons, it is strictly forbidden to start the operation of the beams until the craftsmen provide them with the harness and the temporary holders are removed.
Dismantling can be carried out only after the masters verify the presence of strapping on the beams. Fastened exclusively by temporary clamps, I-beams can support only the weight of workers and installation equipment. It is very important to know that defective or deformed beams are not repaired by hand or in production and cannot be installed on their seats, under any circumstances.
Transportation and storage
During the movement of the floor, it cannot be loaded on the minor axis in the cream case, otherwise the material may bend and bend. When loading beams, they must not be thrown, but only neatly folded. Supports are stored under awnings and in covered warehouses. If this is not possible, and structural elements lie on the street under the open sky, they must be protected from ultraviolet radiation and precipitation with special material.