Frame summer houses are now very popular among those whose financial situation does not allow to build log or brick buildings on their site. In addition, despite the economy of such a construction, the frame house is not a makeshift, but a full-fledged durable house.
Advantages and disadvantages of frame houses
The indisputable advantages of frame houses include:
- quick and easy assembly;
- stiffness of adhesion of structural elements, which increases the reliability and strength of the building;
- saving on lumber (in addition, the light structural elements of the house can be carried manually without resorting to renting expensive, heavy construction equipment);
- does not require a strong foundation;
- a small degree of shrinkage of the house (due to the ease of construction), which allows you to immediately start finishing after construction;
- energy saving due to heat-insulating features of the walls of the frame house;
- the walls of the finished house do not need a primer and leveling, their perfectly flat surface allows you to immediately begin finishing work;
- vapor permeability of the walls makes it possible to "breathe" the entire building.
The disadvantages of frame houses are much smaller, but they are worth it to mention them:
- flammability of building material;
- low degree of sound insulation;
- the need to change the external insulation after about 15-25 years.
Structural options for frame houses
Suburban frame houses are built in the following structural varieties:
- frame-monolithic;
- frame-shield;
- frame and frame.
Frame-monolithic variety involves the creation of a U-shaped racks of a durable frame, which is further strengthened by pouring concrete into the space between the sheets of the outer and inner sheathing of the racks. After hardening the concrete, the whole structure becomes much stronger.
Frame-panel houses are built from panels produced in special factories. An example of such construction technology can be called "Canadian homes."
To build a house using Canadian technology, the developer will need special sandwich panelsrepresenting a sandwich from a pair of sheets of OSB, with a layer of polystyrene foam heat insulator enclosed in the middle. These panels are light in weight and small in size, which allows them to transport and assemble them on site without problems.
Frame-frame houses suggest two construction options:
- Simple frame and frame.
- Half-timbered construction.
The frame of the house, built in half-timbered technology, is made up of wooden frames, diagonally crossed by beams. The triangles resulting from this provide extraordinary structural strength. This happens due to the fact that the rigid structure takes on almost the entire weight of the walls and roof, and the load on the foundation foundation is minimal.
Very often, the diagonal beams of a half-timbered house are left in sight, which makes the building look like an old German house (Germany is the birthplace of half-timbered technology).
A simple frame-frame house can be built independently with common carpentry skills. The design of such a house consists of vertical bars, fastened at the top and bottom by a harness. Horizontal bridges and diagonal beams are installed between the frame racks, which makes it look like a half-timbered house.
A frame frame house is more popular than a panel house, because it is much lighter, and this eliminates the need for a crane to install structural elements.
The main stages of the construction of a frame house
First comes the foundation device. A frame house - a lightweight, simple design that does not require a deep foundation - will be enough for a shallow columnar or tape. A very popular type of columnar foundation, called bored. This relatively new technology consists in drilling holes in the ground, where concrete is poured further. For this version of the foundation, neither pile driving equipment nor formwork is needed.
Next, the foundation is waterproofed with roofing material and the installation on top of it is impregnated with an antiseptic wood beam with a section of 15 by 5 cm
Then comes the mounting of the lags and the installation of vertical bars on them. After this, the assembly of the basement and the lining with insulation material is done.
Then the construction of a wooden wall frame and the installation of door and window openings are carried out. Next is the outer wall cladding with plywood sheets or OSB boards. After that, the waterproofing of the inner lining of the structure is carried out with sheets of fiberglass, glassine, or roofing material.
Next, insulation material is laid between the racks of the frame.
Mineral wool, pressed into slabs, polystyrene foam, polystyrene foam or rolled fiberglass materials, usually acts as thermal insulation.
After the end of the warming procedure, you can start the internal wall covering with sheets of drywall.
Then the roof frame is erected. The roof of the frame house is installed in the same way as a conventional roof. The main thing is to install rafter logs directly above the racks of the wall frame. Roofing materials can serve as an ondulin, metal sheet, or tile.
In conclusion, the exterior decoration of the house is carried out using boards, decorative plaster or facing bricks.
So, to build a frame house in a summer cottage is not so difficult even with your own hands. Nevertheless, as with the construction of any other type of house, the main guarantee of success is the competent procurement of building materials and strict adherence to the instructions and recommendations for development.